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The Construction of Warfare Technology in Russian Military Thinking
Solovyeva, Anzhelika ; Hynek, Nikola (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee) ; Eichler, Jan (referee)
The Construction of Warfare Technology in Russian Military Thinking Anzhelika Solovyeva Abstract This dissertation traces the dynamics of military-technological innovation in Russia over the last hundred and fifty years. The analysis relies extensively on primary data obtained from Russian archives, complemented by a series of expert interviews. The goal is to understand whether and to what extent Russia's respective discourses and practices constitute a distinct strategic cultural approach. The relationship between strategic culture and military- technological innovation is considered from two different, yet complementary, perspectives. From an empirical standpoint, the analysis is guided by six substantial arguments derived from the existing literature on Russian strategic culture, technology and military doctrine, interviews conducted by the author, and partially from the author's own knowledge of the problematic. In theoretical terms, this dissertation offers and graphically nuances a novel conceptual model, theorizing processes related to military-technological innovation and the role of strategic cultural frames. The last two arguments guiding the empirical focus of this dissertation are derived from the theoretical discussion. This model is subsequently applied to three case studies, with the key...
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Autonomous Weapon Systems as the next revolution in warfare and implications of technology deployment for global security
Kvasňovský, Tomáš ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (referee)
This thesis addresses developments in Artificial Intelligence and the increasing trend of robotization and autonomization of military forces in the context of Revolution in Military Affairs. It examines and categorizes different approaches to concepts of AI, autonomy and RMA in the public debate and academic and military literature. It further explores potential impacts and challenges of AI and its weaponized subset - Autonomous Weapon Systems on civil-military relations, legal and ethical norms, arms control regime and general security domain. Building upon findings from previous chapters, AI and AWSs are analyzed in a context of RMA and broader socio-economic context. Specifically, AI-enabled autonomy is compared with aspects of existing remotely controlled systems. The thesis comes to a conclusion that AWSs are harbingers of the next RMA and AI has the potential to match the importance of Neolithic, Industrial and Information revolution.
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The Clean War Concept as a Part of United States of America Foreign Policy 1989-2001
Hejtich, Jiří ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Drulák, Petr (referee)
The Master's thesis "The Clean War Concept as a Part of American Foreign Policy 1989-2001" deals with the influence of the Clean War Concept, the unwillingness of the U.S. public and politicians to risk the loss of life among members of the American armed forces, and the deployment of U.S. military missions abroad. The aim of the thesis is to verify this concept. The research examines the conditions in five selected U.S. deployments and consequent comparisons with the Clean War Concept. The selected deployments share in common the possibility that U.S. soldiers were in danger of being killed. The deployments took place between 1989 and 2001. This era, which, from an international relations perspective, can be seen as relatively homogenous, is characterized by U.S. dominance. The work includes a brief historical overview of U.S. deployments during the Cold War period and the Vietnam War in particular because the Clean War Concept was conceived as a consequence of this deployment. The thesis explains the relationship between the Revolution in military affairs in favor of the Clean War Concept, and argues that the concept allows for U.S. deployments abroad that are in accordance with it.
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Autonomous Weapon Systems as the next revolution in warfare and implications of technology deployment for global security
Kvasňovský, Tomáš ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (referee)
This thesis addresses developments in Artificial Intelligence and the increasing trend of robotization and autonomization of military forces in the context of Revolution in Military Affairs. It examines and categorizes different approaches to concepts of AI, autonomy and RMA in the public debate and academic and military literature. It further explores potential impacts and challenges of AI and its weaponized subset - Autonomous Weapon Systems on civil-military relations, legal and ethical norms, arms control regime and general security domain. Building upon findings from previous chapters, AI and AWSs are analyzed in a context of RMA and broader socio-economic context. Specifically, AI-enabled autonomy is compared with aspects of existing remotely controlled systems. The thesis comes to a conclusion that AWSs are harbingers of the next RMA and AI has the potential to match the importance of Neolithic, Industrial and Information revolution.
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in US National Security Policy. New Face of War of Terror
Matějka, Stanislav ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
The paper deals with the use of unmanned aircraft of the American national security policy. It examines the history of unmanned aviation, its military use, and cost- efficiency. It then examines the main obstacles and problems with their use in national security that this technology meets and will meet in the future after a higher level of autonomy is developed. These problems involve legal issues, international and domestic American law, the issue of civilian casualties, the role of the media, and public opinion. The final chapter focuses on the problems of technical, strategic and operational issues. In this section the research paper comes to the first conclusion which claims that the introduction of more autonomous systems to war will radically change its structure and, consequently, standard procedures and strategies. Case studies are included to illustrate how successful the drone strategy is applied in the five countries where the United States leads a war on terror. The research using the theory of the revolution in military affairs concludes that these UAVs pose the greatest challenge in history and it goes well beyond military matters. UAVs in national security affect the understanding of the basic principles of war in relation to the concepts of warrior ethos and just war.
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